Foundation Model Adaptation papers, 2023–2026

Key findings

• Foundation Model Adaptation went from 159 papers in 2023 to 602 in 2026, roughly 3.8x in three years.
• NeurIPS publishes the most Foundation Model Adaptation work: 531 papers from 2023 to 2026, 36% of the four-venue total.
• The fastest-growing overlap is with Deep learning · foundation models: papers tagged with both rose from 7 in 2023 to 66 in 2026.
• Among the 5 topics under Meta-Learning and Transfer, it ranks #1 by 2026 paper count; the fastest grower in the group, Continual Learning, is up 1.7x versus 3.8x here.

Representative papers

Spread across years and venues so every edition shows up

• NeurIPS 2026(Mis)generalization of Helpful-Only Fine-Tuning
• ICML 2026Active Learning with Foundation Model Priors: Efficient Learning under Class Imbalance
• ICLR 2026Benchmarking ECG Foundational Models: A Reality Check Across Clinical Tasks
• CVPR 2026CD-Buffer Complementary Dual-Buffer Framework for Test-Time Adaptation in Adverse Weather
• NeurIPS 2025An Investigation of Memorization Risk in Healthcare Foundation Models
• ICML 2025A Bayesian Model Selection Criterion for Selecting Pretraining Checkpoints
• ICLR 2025Better autoregressive regression with LLMs via regression-aware fine-tuning
• CVPR 20255%>100%: Breaking Performance Shackles of Full Fine-Tuning on Visual Recognition Tasks
• NeurIPS 2024Instruction Tuning Large Language Models to Understand Electronic Health Records
• ICML 2024By Tying Embeddings You Are Assuming the Distributional Hypothesis
• ICLR 2024A Hard-to-Beat Baseline for Training-free CLIP-based Adaptation
• CVPR 2024DePT: Decoupled Prompt Tuning
• NeurIPS 2023A Fast and Accurate Estimator for Large Scale Linear Model via Data Averaging
• ICML 2023Are Neurons Actually Collapsed? On the Fine-Grained Structure in Neural Representations
• ICLR 2023A Closer Look at Model Adaptation using Feature Distortion and Simplicity Bias
• CVPR 2023A-La-Carte Prompt Tuning (APT): Combining Distinct Data via Composable Prompting
• NeurIPS 2026A Graph Foundation Model for Unified Clustering
• ICML 2026AdaMeZO: Adam-style Zeroth-Order Optimizer for LLM Fine-tuning Without Maintaining the Moments
• ICLR 2026Bridging Radiology and Pathology Foundation Models via Concept-Based Multimodal Co-Adaptation
• CVPR 2026Fed-ADE Adaptive Learning Rate for Federated Post-adaptation under Distribution Shift

All Foundation Model Adaptation papers

531 papers, page 8 of 11

351. NeurIPS 2025Unleashing Foundation Vision Models: Adaptive Transfer for Diverse Data-Limited Scientific Domains
352. NeurIPS 2025VESSA: Video-based objEct-centric Self-Supervised Adaptation for Visual Foundation Models
353. NeurIPS 2025VIPAMIN: Visual Prompt Initialization via Embedding Selection and Subspace Expansion
354. NeurIPS 2025Walking the Tightrope: Autonomous Disentangling Beneficial and Detrimental Drifts in Non-Stationary Custom-Tuning
355. NeurIPS 2025What Matters in Data for DPO?
356. NeurIPS 2025Whose Instructions Count? Resolving Preference Bias in Instruction Fine-Tuning
357. NeurIPS 2024A Hitchhiker's Guide to Fine-Grained Face Forgery Detection Using Common Sense Reasoning
358. NeurIPS 2024A Simple yet Universal Framework for Depth Completion
359. NeurIPS 2024B'MOJO: Hybrid State Space Realizations of Foundation Models with Eidetic and Fading Memory
360. NeurIPS 2024BackdoorAlign: Mitigating Fine-tuning based Jailbreak Attack with Backdoor Enhanced Safety Alignment
361. NeurIPS 2024Be Confident in What You Know: Bayesian Parameter Efficient Fine-Tuning of Vision Foundation Models
362. NeurIPS 2024BLoB: Bayesian Low-Rank Adaptation by Backpropagation for Large Language Models
363. NeurIPS 2024Brain-JEPA: Brain Dynamics Foundation Model with Gradient Positioning and Spatiotemporal Masking
364. NeurIPS 2024Cell ontology guided transcriptome foundation model
365. NeurIPS 2024Conformal Alignment: Knowing When to Trust Foundation Models with Guarantees
366. NeurIPS 2024CorDA: Context-Oriented Decomposition Adaptation of Large Language Models for Task-Aware Parameter-Efficient Fine-tuning
367. NeurIPS 2024Curriculum Fine-tuning of Vision Foundation Model for Medical Image Classification Under Label Noise
368. NeurIPS 2024Diffusion Tuning: Transferring Diffusion Models via Chain of Forgetting
369. NeurIPS 2024DistillNeRF: Perceiving 3D Scenes from Single-Glance Images by Distilling Neural Fields and Foundation Model Features
370. NeurIPS 2024Do Multimodal Foundation Models Understand Enterprise Workflows? A Benchmark for Business Process Management Tasks
371. NeurIPS 2024DropBP: Accelerating Fine-Tuning of Large Language Models by Dropping Backward Propagation
372. NeurIPS 2024Dual Risk Minimization: Towards Next-Level Robustness in Fine-tuning Zero-Shot Models
373. NeurIPS 2024Dual-Personalizing Adapter for Federated Foundation Models
374. NeurIPS 2024Dynamic Tuning Towards Parameter and Inference Efficiency for ViT Adaptation
375. NeurIPS 2024Efficient Adaptation of Pre-trained Vision Transformer via Householder Transformation
376. NeurIPS 2024EMGBench: Benchmarking Out-of-Distribution Generalization and Adaptation for Electromyography
377. NeurIPS 2024Empowering Visible-Infrared Person Re-Identification with Large Foundation Models
378. NeurIPS 2024EMVP: Embracing Visual Foundation Model for Visual Place Recognition with Centroid-Free Probing
379. NeurIPS 2024FairMedFM: Fairness Benchmarking for Medical Imaging Foundation Models
380. NeurIPS 2024Federated Fine-tuning of Large Language Models under Heterogeneous Tasks and Client Resources
381. NeurIPS 2024Fight Back Against Jailbreaking via Prompt Adversarial Tuning
382. NeurIPS 2024Fine-Tuning is Fine, if Calibrated
383. NeurIPS 2024Fine-Tuning Personalization in Federated Learning to Mitigate Adversarial Clients
384. NeurIPS 2024Flaws can be Applause: Unleashing Potential of Segmenting Ambiguous Objects in SAM
385. NeurIPS 2024FLoRA: Federated Fine-Tuning Large Language Models with Heterogeneous Low-Rank Adaptations
386. NeurIPS 2024FM-Delta: Lossless Compression for Storing Massive Fine-tuned Foundation Models
387. NeurIPS 2024Free Lunch in Pathology Foundation Model: Task-specific Model Adaptation with Concept-Guided Feature Enhancement
388. NeurIPS 2024Frozen-DETR: Enhancing DETR with Image Understanding from Frozen Foundation Models
389. NeurIPS 2024GFT: Graph Foundation Model with Transferable Tree Vocabulary
390. NeurIPS 2024HEMM: Holistic Evaluation of Multimodal Foundation Models
391. NeurIPS 2024Historical Test-time Prompt Tuning for Vision Foundation Models
392. NeurIPS 2024HydraLoRA: An Asymmetric LoRA Architecture for Efficient Fine-Tuning
393. NeurIPS 2024Incremental Learning of Retrievable Skills For Efficient Continual Task Adaptation
394. NeurIPS 2024Instruction Tuning Large Language Models to Understand Electronic Health Records
395. NeurIPS 2024Interfacing Foundation Models' Embeddings
396. NeurIPS 2024Is One GPU Enough? Pushing Image Generation at Higher-Resolutions with Foundation Models.
397. NeurIPS 2024Keeping LLMs Aligned After Fine-tuning: The Crucial Role of Prompt Templates
398. NeurIPS 2024KG-FIT: Knowledge Graph Fine-Tuning Upon Open-World Knowledge
399. NeurIPS 2024Learning from Offline Foundation Features with Tensor Augmentations
400. NeurIPS 2024LISA: Layerwise Importance Sampling for Memory-Efficient Large Language Model Fine-Tuning

FAQ

How many Foundation Model Adaptation papers were published at NeurIPS, ICLR, ICML and CVPR from 2023 to 2026?

1,492 in total: 159 in 2023, 270 in 2024, 461 in 2025, 602 in 2026.

How many Foundation Model Adaptation papers are at NeurIPS 2026?

NeurIPS 2026 has 182 Foundation Model Adaptation papers, versus 174 the year before.

How many Foundation Model Adaptation papers are at ICLR 2026?

ICLR 2026 has 187 Foundation Model Adaptation papers, versus 149 the year before.

How many Foundation Model Adaptation papers are at ICML 2026?

ICML 2026 has 142 Foundation Model Adaptation papers, versus 76 the year before.

How many Foundation Model Adaptation papers are at CVPR 2026?

CVPR 2026 has 91 Foundation Model Adaptation papers, versus 62 the year before.

Which conference publishes the most Foundation Model Adaptation papers?

NeurIPS, with 531 papers from 2023 to 2026.