Foundation Model Adaptation papers, 2023–2026

Key findings

• Foundation Model Adaptation went from 159 papers in 2023 to 602 in 2026, roughly 3.8x in three years.
• NeurIPS publishes the most Foundation Model Adaptation work: 531 papers from 2023 to 2026, 36% of the four-venue total.
• The fastest-growing overlap is with Deep learning · foundation models: papers tagged with both rose from 7 in 2023 to 66 in 2026.
• Among the 5 topics under Meta-Learning and Transfer, it ranks #1 by 2026 paper count; the fastest grower in the group, Continual Learning, is up 1.7x versus 3.8x here.

Representative papers

Spread across years and venues so every edition shows up

• NeurIPS 2026(Mis)generalization of Helpful-Only Fine-Tuning
• ICML 2026Active Learning with Foundation Model Priors: Efficient Learning under Class Imbalance
• ICLR 2026Benchmarking ECG Foundational Models: A Reality Check Across Clinical Tasks
• CVPR 2026CD-Buffer Complementary Dual-Buffer Framework for Test-Time Adaptation in Adverse Weather
• NeurIPS 2025An Investigation of Memorization Risk in Healthcare Foundation Models
• ICML 2025A Bayesian Model Selection Criterion for Selecting Pretraining Checkpoints
• ICLR 2025Better autoregressive regression with LLMs via regression-aware fine-tuning
• CVPR 20255%>100%: Breaking Performance Shackles of Full Fine-Tuning on Visual Recognition Tasks
• NeurIPS 2024Instruction Tuning Large Language Models to Understand Electronic Health Records
• ICML 2024By Tying Embeddings You Are Assuming the Distributional Hypothesis
• ICLR 2024A Hard-to-Beat Baseline for Training-free CLIP-based Adaptation
• CVPR 2024DePT: Decoupled Prompt Tuning
• NeurIPS 2023A Fast and Accurate Estimator for Large Scale Linear Model via Data Averaging
• ICML 2023Are Neurons Actually Collapsed? On the Fine-Grained Structure in Neural Representations
• ICLR 2023A Closer Look at Model Adaptation using Feature Distortion and Simplicity Bias
• CVPR 2023A-La-Carte Prompt Tuning (APT): Combining Distinct Data via Composable Prompting
• NeurIPS 2026A Graph Foundation Model for Unified Clustering
• ICML 2026AdaMeZO: Adam-style Zeroth-Order Optimizer for LLM Fine-tuning Without Maintaining the Moments
• ICLR 2026Bridging Radiology and Pathology Foundation Models via Concept-Based Multimodal Co-Adaptation
• CVPR 2026Fed-ADE Adaptive Learning Rate for Federated Post-adaptation under Distribution Shift

All Foundation Model Adaptation papers

461 papers, page 2 of 10

51. CVPR 2025Sensitivity-Aware Efficient Fine-Tuning via Compact Dynamic-Rank Adaptation
52. CVPR 2025SketchFusion: Learning Universal Sketch Features through Fusing Foundation Models
53. CVPR 2025SoMA: Singular Value Decomposed Minor Components Adaptation for Domain Generalizable Representation Learning
54. CVPR 2025Tartan IMU: A Light Foundation Model for Inertial Positioning in Robotics
55. CVPR 2025Task-Specific Gradient Adaptation for Few-Shot One-Class Classification
56. CVPR 2025Thin-Shell-SfT: Fine-Grained Monocular Non-rigid 3D Surface Tracking with Neural Deformation Fields
57. CVPR 2025Towards More General Video-based Deepfake Detection through Facial Component Guided Adaptation for Foundation Model
58. CVPR 2025Universal Actions for Enhanced Embodied Foundation Models
59. CVPR 2025Unsupervised Foundation Model-Agnostic Slide-Level Representation Learning
60. CVPR 2025vesselFM: A Foundation Model for Universal 3D Blood Vessel Segmentation
61. CVPR 2025Visual Persona: Foundation Model for Full-Body Human Customization
62. CVPR 2025VladVA: Discriminative Fine-tuning of LVLMs
63. ICLR 2025A Quantum Circuit-Based Compression Perspective for Parameter-Efficient Learning
64. ICLR 2025AdaRankGrad: Adaptive Gradient Rank and Moments for Memory-Efficient LLMs Training and Fine-Tuning
65. ICLR 2025Addax: Utilizing Zeroth-Order Gradients to Improve Memory Efficiency and Performance of SGD for Fine-Tuning Language Models
66. ICLR 2025ADePT: Adaptive Decomposed Prompt Tuning for Parameter-Efficient Fine-tuning
67. ICLR 2025Agent Skill Acquisition for Large Language Models via CycleQD
68. ICLR 2025Amulet: ReAlignment During Test Time for Personalized Preference Adaptation of LLMs
69. ICLR 2025An Auditing Test to Detect Behavioral Shift in Language Models
70. ICLR 2025Analyzing and Boosting the Power of Fine-Grained Visual Recognition for Multi-modal Large Language Models
71. ICLR 2025As Simple as Fine-tuning: LLM Alignment via Bidirectional Negative Feedback Loss
72. ICLR 2025Better autoregressive regression with LLMs via regression-aware fine-tuning
73. ICLR 2025Booster: Tackling Harmful Fine-tuning for Large Language Models via Attenuating Harmful Perturbation
74. ICLR 2025CBraMod: A Criss-Cross Brain Foundation Model for EEG Decoding
75. ICLR 2025ComLoRA: A Competitive Learning Approach for Enhancing LoRA
76. ICLR 2025Computational Limits of Low-Rank Adaptation (LoRA) Fine-Tuning for Transformer Models
77. ICLR 2025CONDA: Adaptive Concept Bottleneck for Foundation Models Under Distribution Shifts
78. ICLR 2025CryoFM: A Flow-based Foundation Model for Cryo-EM Densities
79. ICLR 2025CTSyn: A Foundation Model for Cross Tabular Data Generation
80. ICLR 2025DaWin: Training-free Dynamic Weight Interpolation for Robust Adaptation
81. ICLR 2025dEBORA: Efficient Bilevel Optimization-based low-Rank Adaptation
82. ICLR 2025Decoupling Angles and Strength in Low-rank Adaptation
83. ICLR 2025DELIFT: Data Efficient Language model Instruction Fine-Tuning
84. ICLR 2025Directional Gradient Projection for Robust Fine-Tuning of Foundation Models
85. ICLR 2025Do as I do (Safely): Mitigating Task-Specific Fine-tuning Risks in Large Language Models
86. ICLR 2025Does Spatial Cognition Emerge in Frontier Models?
87. ICLR 2025DRESSing Up LLM: Efficient Stylized Question-Answering via Style Subspace Editing
88. ICLR 2025Dynamic Low-Rank Sparse Adaptation for Large Language Models
89. ICLR 2025DynaPrompt: Dynamic Test-Time Prompt Tuning
90. ICLR 2025Efficient Model Editing with Task-Localized Sparse Fine-tuning
91. ICLR 2025Efficiently Learning at Test-Time: Active Fine-Tuning of LLMs
92. ICLR 2025Emergence of meta-stable clustering in mean-field transformer models
93. ICLR 2025Emerging Safety Attack and Defense in Federated Instruction Tuning of Large Language Models
94. ICLR 2025Encryption-Friendly LLM Architecture
95. ICLR 2025Enhancing Cognition and Explainability of Multimodal Foundation Models with Self-Synthesized Data
96. ICLR 2025Enhancing Federated Domain Adaptation with Multi-Domain Prototype-Based Federated Fine-Tuning
97. ICLR 2025Enhancing Zeroth-order Fine-tuning for Language Models with Low-rank Structures
98. ICLR 2025Ensembles of Low-Rank Expert Adapters
99. ICLR 2025Exploring the Effectiveness of Object-Centric Representations in Visual Question Answering: Comparative Insights with Foundation Models
100. ICLR 2025Federated Residual Low-Rank Adaptation of Large Language Models

FAQ

How many Foundation Model Adaptation papers were published at NeurIPS, ICLR, ICML and CVPR from 2023 to 2026?

1,492 in total: 159 in 2023, 270 in 2024, 461 in 2025, 602 in 2026.

How many Foundation Model Adaptation papers are at NeurIPS 2026?

NeurIPS 2026 has 182 Foundation Model Adaptation papers, versus 174 the year before.

How many Foundation Model Adaptation papers are at ICLR 2026?

ICLR 2026 has 187 Foundation Model Adaptation papers, versus 149 the year before.

How many Foundation Model Adaptation papers are at ICML 2026?

ICML 2026 has 142 Foundation Model Adaptation papers, versus 76 the year before.

How many Foundation Model Adaptation papers are at CVPR 2026?

CVPR 2026 has 91 Foundation Model Adaptation papers, versus 62 the year before.

Which conference publishes the most Foundation Model Adaptation papers?

NeurIPS, with 531 papers from 2023 to 2026.