Concept-Based Explanation papers, 2023–2026

Key findings

• Concept-Based Explanation went from 91 papers in 2023 to 117 in 2026, roughly 1.3x in three years.
• NeurIPS publishes the most Concept-Based Explanation work: 134 papers from 2023 to 2026, 39% of the four-venue total.
• The fastest-growing overlap is with Multimodal LLMs: papers tagged with both rose from 4 in 2023 to 23 in 2026.
• Among the 5 topics under Interpretability, it ranks #3 by 2026 paper count; the fastest grower in the group, Mechanistic Interpretability, is up 8.1x versus 1.3x here.

Representative papers

Spread across years and venues so every edition shows up

• NeurIPS 2026CENDRe: Concept Extraction with Natural Domain Representations
• ICML 2026Evidential Copula Concept Embedding Models
• ICLR 2026Decoupling the Class Label and the Target Concept in Machine Unlearning
• CVPR 2026Agile Deliberation Concept Deliberation for Subjective Visual Classification
• NeurIPS 2025An Analysis of Concept Bottleneck Models: Measuring, Understanding, and Mitigating the Impact of Noisy Annotations
• ICML 2025Concept-Centric Token Interpretation for Vector-Quantized Generative Models
• ICLR 2025Causal Concept Graph Models: Beyond Causal Opacity in Deep Learning
• CVPR 2025Discovering Fine-Grained Visual-Concept Relations by Disentangled Optimal Transport Concept Bottleneck Models
• NeurIPS 2024[Re] On the Reproducibility of Post-Hoc Concept Bottleneck Models
• ICML 2024ContPhy: Continuum Physical Concept Learning and Reasoning from Videos
• ICLR 2024AttEXplore: Attribution for Explanation with model parameters eXploration
• CVPR 2024Fine-Grained Bipartite Concept Factorization for Clustering
• NeurIPS 2023[Re] Hierarchical Shrinkage: Improving the Accuracy and Interpretability of Tree-Based Methods
• ICML 2023A Closer Look at the Intervention Procedure of Concept Bottleneck Models
• ICLR 2023Concept Gradient: Concept-based Interpretation Without Linear Assumption
• CVPR 2023CRAFT: Concept Recursive Activation FacTorization for Explainability
• NeurIPS 2026Concept frustration: Aligning human concepts and machine representations
• ICML 2026On the Variability of Concept Activation Vectors
• ICLR 2026Hierarchical Concept-based Interpretable Models
• CVPR 2026DCoAR Deep Concept Injection into Unified Autoregressive Models for Personalized

All Concept-Based Explanation papers

134 papers, page 3 of 3

101. NeurIPS 2023Estimating Propensity for Causality-based Recommendation without Exposure Data
102. NeurIPS 2023Explain Any Concept: Segment Anything Meets Concept-Based Explanation
103. NeurIPS 2023Frequency Domain-Based Dataset Distillation
104. NeurIPS 2023GAIA: Delving into Gradient-based Attribution Abnormality for Out-of-distribution Detection
105. NeurIPS 2023GLIME: General, Stable and Local LIME Explanation
106. NeurIPS 2023Inner Product-based Neural Network Similarity
107. NeurIPS 2023Interpretable Graph Networks Formulate Universal Algebra Conjectures
108. NeurIPS 2023Interpretable Prototype-based Graph Information Bottleneck
109. NeurIPS 2023Kernel Quadrature with Randomly Pivoted Cholesky
110. NeurIPS 2023LEACE: Perfect linear concept erasure in closed form
111. NeurIPS 2023Learning with Explanation Constraints
112. NeurIPS 2023Many-body Approximation for Non-negative Tensors
113. NeurIPS 2023Minimax Forward and Backward Learning of Evolving Tasks with Performance Guarantees
114. NeurIPS 2023Monarch Mixer: A Simple Sub-Quadratic GEMM-Based Architecture
115. NeurIPS 2023NeRF-IBVS: Visual Servo Based on NeRF for Visual Localization and Navigation
116. NeurIPS 2023Non-Asymptotic Analysis of a UCB-based Top Two Algorithm
117. NeurIPS 2023Optimal Extragradient-Based Algorithms for Stochastic Variational Inequalities with Separable Structure
118. NeurIPS 2023Orthogonal Non-negative Tensor Factorization based Multi-view Clustering
119. NeurIPS 2023Reference-Based POMDPs
120. NeurIPS 2023Restless Bandits with Average Reward: Breaking the Uniform Global Attractor Assumption
121. NeurIPS 2023ReSync: Riemannian Subgradient-based Robust Rotation Synchronization
122. NeurIPS 2023Robust Concept Erasure via Kernelized Rate-Distortion Maximization
123. NeurIPS 2023SAME: Uncovering GNN Black Box with Structure-aware Shapley-based Multipiece Explanations
124. NeurIPS 2023Sample based Explanations via Generalized Representers
125. NeurIPS 2023Score-based Data Assimilation
126. NeurIPS 2023SOL: Sampling-based Optimal Linear bounding of arbitrary scalar functions
127. NeurIPS 2023Stable Vectorization of Multiparameter Persistent Homology using Signed Barcodes as Measures
128. NeurIPS 2023Test-time Training for Matching-based Video Object Segmentation
129. NeurIPS 2023The Utility of “Even if” Semifactual Explanation to Optimise Positive Outcomes
130. NeurIPS 2023Time Series Kernels based on Nonlinear Vector AutoRegressive Delay Embeddings
131. NeurIPS 2023Towards Evaluating Transfer-based Attacks Systematically, Practically, and Fairly
132. NeurIPS 2023Training Energy-Based Normalizing Flow with Score-Matching Objectives
133. NeurIPS 2023When Do Transformers Shine in RL? Decoupling Memory from Credit Assignment
134. NeurIPS 2023When Does Confidence-Based Cascade Deferral Suffice?

FAQ

How many Concept-Based Explanation papers were published at NeurIPS, ICLR, ICML and CVPR from 2023 to 2026?

342 in total: 91 in 2023, 63 in 2024, 71 in 2025, 117 in 2026.

How many Concept-Based Explanation papers are at NeurIPS 2026?

NeurIPS 2026 has 40 Concept-Based Explanation papers, versus 25 the year before.

How many Concept-Based Explanation papers are at ICLR 2026?

ICLR 2026 has 24 Concept-Based Explanation papers, versus 19 the year before.

How many Concept-Based Explanation papers are at ICML 2026?

ICML 2026 has 20 Concept-Based Explanation papers, versus 11 the year before.

How many Concept-Based Explanation papers are at CVPR 2026?

CVPR 2026 has 33 Concept-Based Explanation papers, versus 16 the year before.

Which conference publishes the most Concept-Based Explanation papers?

NeurIPS, with 134 papers from 2023 to 2026.