Classical Planning papers, 2023–2026

Key findings

• Classical Planning went from 24 papers in 2023 to 79 in 2026, roughly 3.3x in three years.
• NeurIPS publishes the most Classical Planning work: 75 papers from 2023 to 2026, 42% of the four-venue total.
• The fastest-growing overlap is with Multimodal LLMs: papers tagged with both rose from 0 in 2023 to 9 in 2026.
• Among the 5 topics under Games and Planning, it ranks #4 by 2026 paper count; the fastest grower in the group, Mechanism Design, is up 3.0x versus 3.3x here.

Representative papers

Spread across years and venues so every edition shows up

• NeurIPS 2026A Structured LLM Framework for Inorganic Material Synthesis Planning
• ICML 2026An Exponential Separation Between Quantum and Quantum-Inspired Classical Algorithms for Linear Systems
• ICLR 2026GTool: Graph Enhanced Tool Planning with Large Language Model
• CVPR 2026HQC-NBV A Hybrid Quantum-Classical View Planning Approach
• NeurIPS 2025\(\varepsilon\)-Optimally Solving Two-Player Zero-Sum POSGs
• ICML 2025Goal-Space Planning with Subgoal Models
• ICLR 2025From an LLM Swarm to a PDDL-empowered Hive: Planning Self-executed Instructions in a Multi-modal Jungle
• CVPR 2025Bridging Past and Future: End-to-End Autonomous Driving with Historical Prediction and Planning
• NeurIPS 2024WenMind: A Comprehensive Benchmark for Evaluating Large Language Models in Chinese Classical Literature and Language Arts
• ICML 2024A Bayesian Approach to Online Planning
• ICLR 2024Learning Planning Abstractions from Language
• CVPR 2024Why Not Use Your Textbook? Knowledge-Enhanced Procedure Planning of Instructional Videos
• NeurIPS 2023Experiment Planning with Function Approximation
• ICML 2023A Hybrid Quantum-Classical Approach based on the Hadamard Transform for the Convolutional Layer
• ICLR 2023Fast and Precise: Adjusting Planning Horizon with Adaptive Subgoal Search
• CVPR 2023Planning-Oriented Autonomous Driving
• NeurIPS 2026Behaving Better, Thinking Worse: Sycophancy Across Post-Training Stages
• ICML 2026On the Ability of Transformers to Verify Plans
• ICLR 2026Experience-based Knowledge Correction for Robust Planning in Minecraft
• CVPR 2026No Labels No Look-Ahead Unsupervised Online Video Stabilization with Classical

All Classical Planning papers

179 papers, page 3 of 4

101. ICML 2025Quantum Speedups in Regret Analysis of Infinite Horizon Average-Reward Markov Decision Processes
102. ICML 2025Reflect-then-Plan: Offline Model-Based Planning through a Doubly Bayesian Lens
103. ICML 2025Rejecting Hallucinated State Targets during Planning
104. ICML 2025Scaling Value Iteration Networks to 5000 Layers for Extreme Long-Term Planning
105. ICML 2025TeLoGraF: Temporal Logic Planning via Graph-encoded Flow Matching
106. ICML 2025Variational Counterfactual Intervention Planning to Achieve Target Outcomes
107. NeurIPS 2025\(\varepsilon\)-Optimally Solving Two-Player Zero-Sum POSGs
108. NeurIPS 2025AlphaBeta is not as good as you think: a simple random games model for a better analysis of deterministic game-solving algorithms
109. NeurIPS 2025Classical Planning with LLM-Generated Heuristics: Challenging the State of the Art with Python Code
110. NeurIPS 2025Graph Neural Network Based Action Ranking for Planning
111. NeurIPS 2025Improving planning and MBRL with temporally-extended actions
112. NeurIPS 2025On Reasoning Strength Planning in Large Reasoning Models
113. NeurIPS 2025Planning and Learning in Average Risk-aware MDPs
114. NeurIPS 2025Prior-Guided Diffusion Planning for Offline Reinforcement Learning
115. NeurIPS 2025REMI: Reconstructing Episodic Memory During Internally Driven Path Planning
116. NeurIPS 2025SPRINT: Enabling Interleaved Planning and Parallelized Execution in Reasoning Models
117. NeurIPS 2025Towards Reliable Code-as-Policies: A Neuro-Symbolic Framework for Embodied Task Planning
118. NeurIPS 2025Towards Reliable LLM-based Robots Planning via Combined Uncertainty Estimation
119. NeurIPS 2025Tru-POMDP: Task Planning Under Uncertainty via Tree of Hypotheses and Open-Ended POMDPs
120. NeurIPS 2025When Can Model-Free Reinforcement Learning be Enough for Thinking?
121. CVPR 2024Diffusion-ES: Gradient-free Planning with Diffusion for Autonomous and Instruction-guided Driving
122. CVPR 2024MaskPLAN: Masked Generative Layout Planning from Partial Input
123. CVPR 2024Why Not Use Your Textbook? Knowledge-Enhanced Procedure Planning of Instructional Videos
124. ICLR 2024GRAPH-CONSTRAINED DIFFUSION FOR END-TO-END PATH PLANNING
125. ICLR 2024Integrating Planning and Deep Reinforcement Learning via Automatic Induction of Task Substructures
126. ICLR 2024Learning Planning Abstractions from Language
127. ICLR 2024Maximum Entropy Model Correction in Reinforcement Learning
128. ICLR 2024PromptAgent: Strategic Planning with Language Models Enables Expert-level Prompt Optimization
129. ICLR 2024Retro-fallback: retrosynthetic planning in an uncertain world
130. ICLR 2024The Update-Equivalence Framework for Decision-Time Planning
131. ICML 2024A Bayesian Approach to Online Planning
132. ICML 2024Characterizing ResNet's Universal Approximation Capability
133. ICML 2024DNCs Require More Planning Steps
134. ICML 2024Highway Value Iteration Networks
135. ICML 2024Learning Cognitive Maps from Transformer Representations for Efficient Planning in Partially Observed Environments
136. ICML 2024Planning, Fast and Slow: Online Reinforcement Learning with Action-Free Offline Data via Multiscale Planners
137. ICML 2024Position: LLMs Can’t Plan, But Can Help Planning in LLM-Modulo Frameworks
138. ICML 2024Potential Based Diffusion Motion Planning
139. ICML 2024Provable Representation with Efficient Planning for Partially Observable Reinforcement Learning
140. ICML 2024RoboMP$^2$: A Robotic Multimodal Perception-Planning Framework with Multimodal Large Language Models
141. ICML 2024Using Left and Right Brains Together: Towards Vision and Language Planning
142. NeurIPS 2024A Unifying Normative Framework of Decision Confidence
143. NeurIPS 2024ALPINE: Unveiling The Planning Capability of Autoregressive Learning in Language Models
144. NeurIPS 2024Amortized Planning with Large-Scale Transformers: A Case Study on Chess
145. NeurIPS 2024Chain of Thoughtlessness? An Analysis of CoT in Planning
146. NeurIPS 2024GameTraversalBenchmark: Evaluating Planning Abilities Of Large Language Models Through Traversing 2D Game Maps
147. NeurIPS 2024Graph Learning for Numeric Planning
148. NeurIPS 2024Introspective Planning: Aligning Robots' Uncertainty with Inherent Task Ambiguity
149. NeurIPS 2024Latent Plan Transformer for Trajectory Abstraction: Planning as Latent Space Inference
150. NeurIPS 2024The Value of Reward Lookahead in Reinforcement Learning

FAQ

How many Classical Planning papers were published at NeurIPS, ICLR, ICML and CVPR from 2023 to 2026?

179 in total: 24 in 2023, 35 in 2024, 41 in 2025, 79 in 2026.

How many Classical Planning papers are at NeurIPS 2026?

NeurIPS 2026 has 40 Classical Planning papers, versus 14 the year before.

How many Classical Planning papers are at ICLR 2026?

ICLR 2026 has 17 Classical Planning papers, versus 10 the year before.

How many Classical Planning papers are at ICML 2026?

ICML 2026 has 13 Classical Planning papers, versus 15 the year before.

How many Classical Planning papers are at CVPR 2026?

CVPR 2026 has 9 Classical Planning papers, versus 2 the year before.

Which conference publishes the most Classical Planning papers?

NeurIPS, with 75 papers from 2023 to 2026.