Alignment and Safety papers, 2023–2026

Key findings

• Alignment and Safety went from 438 papers in 2023 to 1,882 in 2026, roughly 4.3x in three years.
• NeurIPS publishes the most Alignment and Safety work: 1,421 papers from 2023 to 2026, 31% of the four-venue total.
• The fastest-growing overlap is with Social aspects · safety: papers tagged with both rose from 0 in 2023 to 137 in 2026.
• Among the 5 topics under Alignment and Responsible AI, it ranks #1 by 2026 paper count; the fastest grower in the group, Social aspects · safety, is up 93x versus 4.3x here.

Representative papers

Spread across years and venues so every edition shows up

• NeurIPS 2026$\gamma$-weakly $\theta$-up-concavity: A Unified Framework for Non-Convex Optimization Beyond DR-Submodular and OSS Functions
• ICML 2026AICrypto: Evaluating Cryptography Capabilities of Large Language Models
• ICLR 2026A Fair Bayesian Inference through Matched Gibbs Posterior
• CVPR 2026Advancing Cancer Prognosis with Hierarchical Fusion of Genomic Proteomic and
• NeurIPS 2025$\Psi$-Sampler: Initial Particle Sampling for SMC-Based Inference-Time Reward Alignment in Score Models
• ICML 2025A Checks-and-Balances Framework for Context-Aware Ethical AI Alignment
• ICLR 2025$\sigma$-zero: Gradient-based Optimization of $\ell_0$-norm Adversarial Examples
• CVPR 2025AesthetiQ: Enhancing Graphic Layout Design via Aesthetic-Aware Preference Alignment of Multi-modal Large Language Models
• NeurIPS 2024A survey and benchmark of high-dimensional Bayesian optimization of discrete sequences
• ICML 2024A Global Geometric Analysis of Maximal Coding Rate Reduction
• ICLR 2024A unique M-pattern for micro-expression spotting in long videos
• CVPR 2024Decompose-and-Compose: A Compositional Approach to Mitigating Spurious Correlation
• NeurIPS 2023(S)GD over Diagonal Linear Networks: Implicit bias, Large Stepsizes and Edge of Stability
• ICML 2023A Robust Optimisation Perspective on Counterexample-Guided Repair of Neural Networks
• ICLR 2023Aligning Model and Macaque Inferior Temporal Cortex Representations Improves Model-to-Human Behavioral Alignment and Adversarial Robustness
• CVPR 2023Adjustment and Alignment for Unbiased Open Set Domain Adaptation
• NeurIPS 2026$\mathcal{P}$Torch: Narrowing the Gap Between Projection and Gradient-Based Learning
• ICML 2026Alignment Pretraining: AI Discourse Causes Self-Fulfilling (Mis)alignment
• ICLR 2026A2D: Any-Order, Any-Step Safety Alignment for Diffusion Language Models
• CVPR 2026AlignPose Generalizable 6D Pose Estimation via Multi-view Feature-metric Alignment

All Alignment and Safety papers

4,558 papers, page 14 of 92

651. ICLR 2026Private Rate-Constrained Optimization with Applications to Fair Learning
652. ICLR 2026PromptHub: Enhancing Multi-Prompt Visual In-Context Learning with Locality-Aware Fusion, Concentration and Alignment
653. ICLR 2026Propaganda AI: An Analysis of Semantic Divergence in Large Language Models
654. ICLR 2026PropensityBench: Evaluating Latent Safety Risks in Large Language Models via an Agentic Approach
655. ICLR 2026Property-Driven Protein Inverse Folding with Multi-Objective Preference Alignment
656. ICLR 2026ProSafePrune: Projected Safety Pruning for Mitigating Over-Refusal in LLMs
657. ICLR 2026Protection against Source Inference Attacks in Federated Learning
658. ICLR 2026Pruning Long Chain-of-Thought of Large Reasoning Models via Small-Scale Preference Optimization
659. ICLR 2026REAL: Reading Out Transformer Activations for Precise Localization in Language Model Steering
660. ICLR 2026Reasoned Safety Alignment: Ensuring Jailbreak Defense via Answer-Then-Check
661. ICLR 2026Reasoning Boosts Opinion Alignment in LLMs
662. ICLR 2026RedCodeAgent: Automatic Red-teaming Agent against Diverse Code Agents
663. ICLR 2026RedTeamCUA: Realistic Adversarial Testing of Computer-Use Agents in Hybrid Web-OS Environments
664. ICLR 2026Reducing information dependency does not cause training data privacy. Adversarially non-robust features do.
665. ICLR 2026References Improve LLM Alignment in Non-Verifiable Domains
666. ICLR 2026Regulating Internal Evidence Flows for Robust Learning Under Spurious Correlations
667. ICLR 2026Reinforcement Learning Fine-Tuning Enhances Activation Intensity and Diversity in the Internal Circuitry of LLMs
668. ICLR 2026Reinforcement Unlearning via Group Relative Policy Optimization
669. ICLR 2026Relationship Alignment for View-aware Multi-view Clustering
670. ICLR 2026RelayFormer: A Unified Local-Global Attention Framework for Scalable Image and Video Manipulation Localization
671. ICLR 2026Reliable Poisoned Sample Detection against Backdoor Attacks Enhanced by Sharpness Aware Minimization
672. ICLR 2026Reliable Weak-to-Strong Monitoring of LLM Agents
673. ICLR 2026RepIt: Steering Language Models with Concept-Specific Refusal Vectors
674. ICLR 2026Representation Alignment for Diffusion Transformers without External Components
675. ICLR 2026Representational Alignment Across Model Layers and Brain Regions with Hierarchical Optimal Transport
676. ICLR 2026RESFL: An Uncertainty-Aware Framework for Responsible Federated Learning by Balancing Privacy, Fairness and Utility
677. ICLR 2026Rethinking Benign Relearning: Syntax as the Hidden Driver of Unlearning Failures
678. ICLR 2026Rethinking Bottlenecks in Safety Fine-Tuning of Vision Language Models
679. ICLR 2026Rethinking LoRA for Privacy-Preserving Federated Learning in Large Models
680. ICLR 2026Rethinking Pareto Frontier: On the Optimal Trade-offs in Fair Classification
681. ICLR 2026Rethinking Radiology Report Generation: From Narrative Flow to Topic-Guided Findings
682. ICLR 2026Rethinking the Gold Standard: Why Discrete Curvature Fails to Fully Capture Over-squashing in GNNs?
683. ICLR 2026Reward Model Routing in Alignment
684. ICLR 2026Reward Models Inherit Value Biases from Pretraining
685. ICLR 2026RewardEval: Advancing Reward Model Evaluation
686. ICLR 2026Riemannian Optimization on Relaxed Indicator Matrix Manifold
687. ICLR 2026Risk Phase Transitions in Spiked Regression: Alignment Driven Benign and Catastrophic Overfitting
688. ICLR 2026Risk-Sensitive Agent Compositions
689. ICLR 2026RLBFF: Binary Flexible Feedback to bridge between Human Feedback & Verifiable Rewards
690. ICLR 2026Robust Adversarial Attacks Against Unknown Disturbance via Inverse Gradient Sample
691. ICLR 2026Robust LLM Unlearning via Post Judgment and Multi-round Thinking
692. ICLR 2026Robust Multi-Objective Controlled Decoding of Large Language Models
693. ICLR 2026Robust Preference Alignment via Directional Neighborhood Consensus
694. ICLR 2026Robust Preference Optimization: Aligning Language Models with Noisy Preference Feedback
695. ICLR 2026Robust Reward Modeling via Causal Rubrics
696. ICLR 2026Routing Manifold Alignment Improves Generalization of Mixture-of-Experts LLMs
697. ICLR 2026Routing, Cascades, and User Choice for LLMs
698. ICLR 2026Rubrics as Rewards: Reinforcement Learning Beyond Verifiable Domains
699. ICLR 2026SafeDialBench: A Fine-Grained Safety Evaluation Benchmark for Large Language Models in Multi-Turn Dialogues with Diverse Jailbreak Attacks
700. ICLR 2026SafeDPO: A Simple Approach to Direct Preference Optimization with Enhanced Safety

FAQ

How many Alignment and Safety papers were published at NeurIPS, ICLR, ICML and CVPR from 2023 to 2026?

4,558 in total: 438 in 2023, 875 in 2024, 1,363 in 2025, 1,882 in 2026.

How many Alignment and Safety papers are at NeurIPS 2026?

NeurIPS 2026 has 480 Alignment and Safety papers, versus 455 the year before.

How many Alignment and Safety papers are at ICLR 2026?

ICLR 2026 has 623 Alignment and Safety papers, versus 473 the year before.

How many Alignment and Safety papers are at ICML 2026?

ICML 2026 has 551 Alignment and Safety papers, versus 300 the year before.

How many Alignment and Safety papers are at CVPR 2026?

CVPR 2026 has 228 Alignment and Safety papers, versus 135 the year before.

Which conference publishes the most Alignment and Safety papers?

NeurIPS, with 1,421 papers from 2023 to 2026.