AI Agents papers, 2023–2026

Key findings

• AI Agents went from 170 papers in 2023 to 1,983 in 2026, roughly 12x in three years.
• NeurIPS publishes the most AI Agents work: 1,317 papers from 2023 to 2026, 40% of the four-venue total.
• The fastest-growing overlap is with LLM Benchmarks: papers tagged with both rose from 1 in 2023 to 116 in 2026.
• Among the 4 topics under Trending Systems, it ranks #2 by 2026 paper count; the fastest grower in the group, World Models, is up 11x versus 12x here.

Representative papers

Spread across years and venues so every edition shows up

• NeurIPS 2026$\boldsymbol{f}$-OPD: Stabilizing Long-Horizon On-Policy Distillation with Freshness-Aware Control
• ICML 2026$\tau$-Knowledge: Evaluating Conversational Agents over Unstructured Knowledge
• ICLR 2026A Benchmark for Deep Information Synthesis
• CVPR 20263D-VCD Hallucination Mitigation in 3D-LLM Embodied Agents through Visual Contrastive
• NeurIPS 20254KAgent: Agentic Any Image to 4K Super-Resolution
• ICML 2025A Unified Approach to Routing and Cascading for LLMs
• ICLR 2025A Generalist Hanabi Agent
• CVPR 2025Collaborative Tree Search for Enhancing Embodied Multi-Agent Collaboration
• NeurIPS 2024AdaSociety: An Adaptive Environment with Social Structures for Multi-Agent Decision-Making
• ICML 2024A Human-Inspired Reading Agent with Gist Memory of Very Long Contexts
• ICLR 2024A Real-World WebAgent with Planning, Long Context Understanding, and Program Synthesis
• CVPR 2024Density-Adaptive Model Based on Motif Matrix for Multi-Agent Trajectory Prediction
• NeurIPS 2023AdaPlanner: Adaptive Planning from Feedback with Language Models
• ICML 2023A Game-Theoretic Framework for Managing Risk in Multi-Agent Systems
• ICLR 2023Achieving Near-Optimal Individual Regret & Low Communications in Multi-Agent Bandits
• CVPR 2023Behavioral Analysis of Vision-and-Language Navigation Agents
• NeurIPS 20262-Step Agent: How a Bayesian Decision Maker Learns from AI-Decision Support
• ICML 2026$\tau$-Voice: Benchmarking Full-Duplex Voice Agents on Real-World Domains
• ICLR 2026A Framework for Studying AI Agent Behavior: Evidence from Consumer Choice Experiments
• CVPR 2026A Multi-Agent Perception-Action Alliance for Efficient Long Video Reasoning

All AI Agents papers

1,317 papers, page 19 of 27

901. NeurIPS 2025Learning Equilibria from Data: Provably Efficient Multi-Agent Imitation Learning
902. NeurIPS 2025Learning in Stackelberg Mean Field Games: A Non-Asymptotic Analysis
903. NeurIPS 2025Learning Individual Behavior in Agent-Based Models with Graph Diffusion Networks
904. NeurIPS 2025Learning to Control Free-Form Soft Swimmers
905. NeurIPS 2025Learning to Watermark: A Selective Watermarking Framework for Large Language Models via Multi-Objective Optimization
906. NeurIPS 2025Lessons Learned: A Multi-Agent Framework for Code LLMs to Learn and Improve
907. NeurIPS 2025Let the LLM Stick to Its Strengths: Learning to Route Economical LLM
908. NeurIPS 2025LILO: Learning to Reason at the Frontier of Learnability
909. NeurIPS 2025LLM Generated Persona is a Promise with a Catch
910. NeurIPS 2025LLM Meeting Decision Trees on Tabular Data
911. NeurIPS 2025LLM Query Scheduling with Prefix Reuse and Latency Constraints
912. NeurIPS 2025LLM Strategic Reasoning: Agentic Study through Behavioral Game Theory
913. NeurIPS 2025LLM Unlearning via Neural Activation Redirection
914. NeurIPS 2025LLM-DAMVC: A Large Language Model Assisted Dynamic Agent for Multi-View Clustering
915. NeurIPS 2025LLM-PySC2: Starcraft II learning environment for Large Language Models
916. NeurIPS 2025Look Before You Leap: A GUI-Critic-R1 Model for Pre-Operative Error Diagnosis in GUI Automation
917. NeurIPS 2025LOPT: Learning Optimal Pigovian Tax in Sequential Social Dilemmas
918. NeurIPS 2025macOSWorld: A Multilingual Interactive Benchmark for GUI Agents
919. NeurIPS 2025MACS: Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning for Optimization of Crystal Structures
920. NeurIPS 2025MAGNET: A Multi-agent Framework for Finding Audio-Visual Needles by Reasoning over Multi-Video Haystacks
921. NeurIPS 2025MaintainCoder: Maintainable Code Generation Under Dynamic Requirements
922. NeurIPS 2025MALinZero: Efficient Low-Dimensional Search for Mastering Complex Multi-Agent Planning
923. NeurIPS 2025Many LLMs Are More Utilitarian Than One
924. NeurIPS 2025Many Minds, One Goal: Time Series Forecasting via Sub-task Specialization and Inter-agent Cooperation
925. NeurIPS 2025MASTER: Enhancing Large Language Model via Multi-Agent Simulated Teaching
926. NeurIPS 2025MAT-Agent: Adaptive Multi-Agent Training Optimization
927. NeurIPS 2025Mean-Field Sampling for Cooperative Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning
928. NeurIPS 2025Measuring Scientific Capabilities of Language Models with a Systems Biology Dry Lab
929. NeurIPS 2025Mechanism Design via the Interim Relaxation
930. NeurIPS 2025MedAgentBoard: Benchmarking Multi-Agent Collaboration with Conventional Methods for Diverse Medical Tasks
931. NeurIPS 2025MedChain: Bridging the Gap Between LLM Agents and Clinical Practice with Interactive Sequence
932. NeurIPS 2025Memory Injection Attacks on LLM Agents via Query-Only Interaction
933. NeurIPS 2025MemSim: A Bayesian Simulator for Evaluating Memory of LLM-based Personal Assistants
934. NeurIPS 2025MetaMind: Modeling Human Social Thoughts with Metacognitive Multi-Agent Systems
935. NeurIPS 2025metaTextGrad: Automatically optimizing language model optimizers
936. NeurIPS 2025Mind2Web 2: Evaluating Agentic Search with Agent-as-a-Judge
937. NeurIPS 2025MindForge: Empowering Embodied Agents with Theory of Mind for Lifelong Cultural Learning
938. NeurIPS 2025MineAnyBuild: Benchmarking Spatial Planning for Open-world AI Agents
939. NeurIPS 2025MIP against Agent: Malicious Image Patches Hijacking Multimodal OS Agents
940. NeurIPS 2025MisoDICE: Multi-Agent Imitation from Mixed-Quality Demonstrations
941. NeurIPS 2025MLE-Dojo: Interactive Environments for Empowering LLM Agents in Machine Learning Engineering
942. NeurIPS 2025MLE-STAR: Machine Learning Engineering Agent via Search and Targeted Refinement
943. NeurIPS 2025MLR-Bench: Evaluating AI Agents on Open-Ended Machine Learning Research
944. NeurIPS 2025MLRC-Bench: Can Language Agents Solve Machine Learning Research Challenges?
945. NeurIPS 2025MLZero: A Multi-Agent System for End-to-end Machine Learning Automation
946. NeurIPS 2025MM-Agent: LLM as Agents for Real-world Mathematical Modeling Problem
947. NeurIPS 2025MobileUse: A Hierarchical Reflection-Driven GUI Agent for Autonomous Mobile Operation
948. NeurIPS 2025MoodAngels: A Retrieval-augmented Multi-agent Framework for Psychiatry Diagnosis
949. NeurIPS 2025MOSDT: Self-Distillation-Based Decision Transformer for Multi-Agent Offline Safe Reinforcement Learning
950. NeurIPS 2025MPCache: MPC-Friendly KV Cache Eviction for Efficient Private LLM Inference

FAQ

How many AI Agents papers were published at NeurIPS, ICLR, ICML and CVPR from 2023 to 2026?

3,266 in total: 170 in 2023, 329 in 2024, 784 in 2025, 1,983 in 2026.

How many AI Agents papers are at NeurIPS 2026?

NeurIPS 2026 has 729 AI Agents papers, versus 362 the year before.

How many AI Agents papers are at ICLR 2026?

ICLR 2026 has 500 AI Agents papers, versus 204 the year before.

How many AI Agents papers are at ICML 2026?

ICML 2026 has 640 AI Agents papers, versus 178 the year before.

How many AI Agents papers are at CVPR 2026?

CVPR 2026 has 114 AI Agents papers, versus 40 the year before.

Which conference publishes the most AI Agents papers?

NeurIPS, with 1,317 papers from 2023 to 2026.