AI Agents papers, 2023–2026

Key findings

• AI Agents went from 170 papers in 2023 to 1,983 in 2026, roughly 12x in three years.
• NeurIPS publishes the most AI Agents work: 1,317 papers from 2023 to 2026, 40% of the four-venue total.
• The fastest-growing overlap is with LLM Benchmarks: papers tagged with both rose from 1 in 2023 to 116 in 2026.
• Among the 4 topics under Trending Systems, it ranks #2 by 2026 paper count; the fastest grower in the group, World Models, is up 11x versus 12x here.

Representative papers

Spread across years and venues so every edition shows up

• NeurIPS 2026$\boldsymbol{f}$-OPD: Stabilizing Long-Horizon On-Policy Distillation with Freshness-Aware Control
• ICML 2026$\tau$-Knowledge: Evaluating Conversational Agents over Unstructured Knowledge
• ICLR 2026A Benchmark for Deep Information Synthesis
• CVPR 20263D-VCD Hallucination Mitigation in 3D-LLM Embodied Agents through Visual Contrastive
• NeurIPS 20254KAgent: Agentic Any Image to 4K Super-Resolution
• ICML 2025A Unified Approach to Routing and Cascading for LLMs
• ICLR 2025A Generalist Hanabi Agent
• CVPR 2025Collaborative Tree Search for Enhancing Embodied Multi-Agent Collaboration
• NeurIPS 2024AdaSociety: An Adaptive Environment with Social Structures for Multi-Agent Decision-Making
• ICML 2024A Human-Inspired Reading Agent with Gist Memory of Very Long Contexts
• ICLR 2024A Real-World WebAgent with Planning, Long Context Understanding, and Program Synthesis
• CVPR 2024Density-Adaptive Model Based on Motif Matrix for Multi-Agent Trajectory Prediction
• NeurIPS 2023AdaPlanner: Adaptive Planning from Feedback with Language Models
• ICML 2023A Game-Theoretic Framework for Managing Risk in Multi-Agent Systems
• ICLR 2023Achieving Near-Optimal Individual Regret & Low Communications in Multi-Agent Bandits
• CVPR 2023Behavioral Analysis of Vision-and-Language Navigation Agents
• NeurIPS 20262-Step Agent: How a Bayesian Decision Maker Learns from AI-Decision Support
• ICML 2026$\tau$-Voice: Benchmarking Full-Duplex Voice Agents on Real-World Domains
• ICLR 2026A Framework for Studying AI Agent Behavior: Evidence from Consumer Choice Experiments
• CVPR 2026A Multi-Agent Perception-Action Alliance for Efficient Long Video Reasoning

All AI Agents papers

947 papers, page 17 of 19

801. ICML 2025The Sample Complexity of Online Strategic Decision Making with Information Asymmetry and Knowledge Transportability
802. ICML 2025The Synergy of LLMs & RL Unlocks Offline Learning of Generalizable Language-Conditioned Policies with Low-fidelity Data
803. ICML 2025Tokenized Bandit for LLM Decoding and Alignment
804. ICML 2025Tool Unlearning for Tool-Augmented LLMs
805. ICML 2025Towards Efficient Online Tuning of VLM Agents via Counterfactual Soft Reinforcement Learning
806. ICML 2025Towards Practical Defect-Focused Automated Code Review
807. ICML 2025Training a Generally Curious Agent
808. ICML 2025Training Software Engineering Agents and Verifiers with SWE-Gym
809. ICML 2025UDora: A Unified Red Teaming Framework against LLM Agents by Dynamically Hijacking Their Own Reasoning
810. ICML 2025UI-Vision: A Desktop-centric GUI Benchmark for Visual Perception and Interaction
811. ICML 2025Unbiased Evaluation of Large Language Models from a Causal Perspective
812. ICML 2025Understanding Bias Reinforcement in LLM Agents Debate
813. ICML 2025UP-VLA: A Unified Understanding and Prediction Model for Embodied Agent
814. ICML 2025What Limits Virtual Agent Application? OmniBench: A Scalable Multi-Dimensional Benchmark for Essential Virtual Agent Capabilities
815. ICML 2025Which Agent Causes Task Failures and When? On Automated Failure Attribution of LLM Multi-Agent Systems
816. ICML 2025Windows Agent Arena: Evaluating Multi-Modal OS Agents at Scale
817. ICML 2025Wolfpack Adversarial Attack for Robust Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning
818. ICML 2025µnit Scaling: Simple and Scalable FP8 LLM Training
819. ICML 2024${\rm E}(3)$-Equivariant Actor-Critic Methods for Cooperative Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning
820. ICML 2024A Human-Inspired Reading Agent with Gist Memory of Very Long Contexts
821. ICML 2024Advancing DRL Agents in Commercial Fighting Games: Training, Integration, and Agent-Human Alignment
822. ICML 2024Agent Smith: A Single Image Can Jailbreak One Million Multimodal LLM Agents Exponentially Fast
823. ICML 2024Agent-Specific Effects: A Causal Effect Propagation Analysis in Multi-Agent MDPs
824. ICML 2024AnyTool: Self-Reflective, Hierarchical Agents for Large-Scale API Calls
825. ICML 2024ArCHer: Training Language Model Agents via Hierarchical Multi-Turn RL
826. ICML 2024Asymptotics of feature learning in two-layer networks after one gradient-step
827. ICML 2024BAGEL: Bootstrapping Agents by Guiding Exploration with Language
828. ICML 2024Break the Sequential Dependency of LLM Inference Using Lookahead Decoding
829. ICML 2024Can Looped Transformers Learn to Implement Multi-step Gradient Descent for In-context Learning?
830. ICML 2024CHAI: Clustered Head Attention for Efficient LLM Inference
831. ICML 2024Characterizing Truthfulness in Large Language Model Generations with Local Intrinsic Dimension
832. ICML 2024Collage: Light-Weight Low-Precision Strategy for LLM Training
833. ICML 2024CompeteAI: Understanding the Competition Dynamics of Large Language Model-based Agents
834. ICML 2024Configurable Mirror Descent: Towards a Unification of Decision Making
835. ICML 2024Controlling Behavioral Diversity in Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning
836. ICML 2024Detecting Influence Structures in Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning
837. ICML 2024diff History for Neural Language Agents
838. ICML 2024Disentanglement Learning via Topology
839. ICML 2024Double-Step Alternating Extragradient with Increasing Timescale Separation for Finding Local Minimax Points: Provable Improvements
840. ICML 2024DS-Agent: Automated Data Science by Empowering Large Language Models with Case-Based Reasoning
841. ICML 2024Dynamic Evaluation of Large Language Models by Meta Probing Agents
842. ICML 2024EE-LLM: Large-Scale Training and Inference of Early-Exit Large Language Models with 3D Parallelism
843. ICML 2024Efficient Adaptation in Mixed-Motive Environments via Hierarchical Opponent Modeling and Planning
844. ICML 2024Efficient PAC Learnability of Dynamical Systems Over Multilayer Networks
845. ICML 2024Embodied CoT Distillation From LLM To Off-the-shelf Agents
846. ICML 2024Eureka-Moments in Transformers: Multi-Step Tasks Reveal Softmax Induced Optimization Problems
847. ICML 2024Executable Code Actions Elicit Better LLM Agents
848. ICML 2024Fair Federated Learning via the Proportional Veto Core
849. ICML 2024Fast Peer Adaptation with Context-aware Exploration
850. ICML 2024Federated Combinatorial Multi-Agent Multi-Armed Bandits

FAQ

How many AI Agents papers were published at NeurIPS, ICLR, ICML and CVPR from 2023 to 2026?

3,266 in total: 170 in 2023, 329 in 2024, 784 in 2025, 1,983 in 2026.

How many AI Agents papers are at NeurIPS 2026?

NeurIPS 2026 has 729 AI Agents papers, versus 362 the year before.

How many AI Agents papers are at ICLR 2026?

ICLR 2026 has 500 AI Agents papers, versus 204 the year before.

How many AI Agents papers are at ICML 2026?

ICML 2026 has 640 AI Agents papers, versus 178 the year before.

How many AI Agents papers are at CVPR 2026?

CVPR 2026 has 114 AI Agents papers, versus 40 the year before.

Which conference publishes the most AI Agents papers?

NeurIPS, with 1,317 papers from 2023 to 2026.