AI Agents papers, 2023–2026

Key findings

• AI Agents went from 170 papers in 2023 to 1,983 in 2026, roughly 12x in three years.
• NeurIPS publishes the most AI Agents work: 1,317 papers from 2023 to 2026, 40% of the four-venue total.
• The fastest-growing overlap is with LLM Benchmarks: papers tagged with both rose from 1 in 2023 to 116 in 2026.
• Among the 4 topics under Trending Systems, it ranks #2 by 2026 paper count; the fastest grower in the group, World Models, is up 11x versus 12x here.

Representative papers

Spread across years and venues so every edition shows up

• NeurIPS 2026$\boldsymbol{f}$-OPD: Stabilizing Long-Horizon On-Policy Distillation with Freshness-Aware Control
• ICML 2026$\tau$-Knowledge: Evaluating Conversational Agents over Unstructured Knowledge
• ICLR 2026A Benchmark for Deep Information Synthesis
• CVPR 20263D-VCD Hallucination Mitigation in 3D-LLM Embodied Agents through Visual Contrastive
• NeurIPS 20254KAgent: Agentic Any Image to 4K Super-Resolution
• ICML 2025A Unified Approach to Routing and Cascading for LLMs
• ICLR 2025A Generalist Hanabi Agent
• CVPR 2025Collaborative Tree Search for Enhancing Embodied Multi-Agent Collaboration
• NeurIPS 2024AdaSociety: An Adaptive Environment with Social Structures for Multi-Agent Decision-Making
• ICML 2024A Human-Inspired Reading Agent with Gist Memory of Very Long Contexts
• ICLR 2024A Real-World WebAgent with Planning, Long Context Understanding, and Program Synthesis
• CVPR 2024Density-Adaptive Model Based on Motif Matrix for Multi-Agent Trajectory Prediction
• NeurIPS 2023AdaPlanner: Adaptive Planning from Feedback with Language Models
• ICML 2023A Game-Theoretic Framework for Managing Risk in Multi-Agent Systems
• ICLR 2023Achieving Near-Optimal Individual Regret & Low Communications in Multi-Agent Bandits
• CVPR 2023Behavioral Analysis of Vision-and-Language Navigation Agents
• NeurIPS 20262-Step Agent: How a Bayesian Decision Maker Learns from AI-Decision Support
• ICML 2026$\tau$-Voice: Benchmarking Full-Duplex Voice Agents on Real-World Domains
• ICLR 2026A Framework for Studying AI Agent Behavior: Evidence from Consumer Choice Experiments
• CVPR 2026A Multi-Agent Perception-Action Alliance for Efficient Long Video Reasoning

All AI Agents papers

947 papers, page 13 of 19

601. ICML 2026Unsafer in Many Turns: Benchmarking and Defending Multi-Turn Safety Risks in Tool-Using Agents
602. ICML 2026Unsupervised Partner Design Enables Robust Ad-hoc Teamwork
603. ICML 2026V-ABS: Action-Observer Driven Beam Search for Dynamic Visual Reasoning
604. ICML 2026Value Aggregation with Uncertainty in Online Decentralized MARL
605. ICML 2026VenusBench-Mobile: A Challenging and User-Centric Benchmark for Mobile GUI Agents with Capability Diagnostics
606. ICML 2026Verbalized Bayesian Persuasion
607. ICML 2026VeRO: A Harness for Agents to Optimize Agents
608. ICML 2026Video-o3: Native Interleaved Clue Seeking for Long Video Multi-Hop Reasoning
609. ICML 2026Video2GUI: Synthesizing Large-Scale Interaction Trajectories for Generalized GUI Agent Pretraining
610. ICML 2026VideoSEAL: Mitigating Evidence Misalignment in Agentic Long Video Understanding by Decoupling Answer Authority
611. ICML 2026VideoTemp-o3: Harmonizing Temporal Grounding and Video Understanding in Agentic Thinking-with-Videos
612. ICML 2026Vision2Web: A Hierarchical Benchmark for Visual Website Development with Agent Verification
613. ICML 2026Visual Persuasion: What Influences Decisions of Vision-Language Models?
614. ICML 2026Vulnerable Agent Identification in Large-Scale Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning
615. ICML 2026WarmServe: Enabling One-for-Many GPU Prewarming for Multi-LLM Serving
616. ICML 2026Watermarking LLM Agent Trajectories
617. ICML 2026Weasel: Out-of-Domain Generalization for Web Agents via Importance-Diversity Data Selection
618. ICML 2026Weaving in the Clouds: Achieving Synergistic Collaboration among LLM Agents via Federated Learning
619. ICML 2026What Do Agents Learn from Trajectory-SFT: Semantics or Interfaces?
620. ICML 2026What Preferences Can—and Cannot—Predict in Multi-Agent Online Learning
621. ICML 2026What You Think is What You See: Driving Exploration in VLM Agents via Visual-Linguistic Curiosity
622. ICML 2026When Actions Go Off-Task: Detecting and Correcting Misaligned Actions in Computer-Use Agents
623. ICML 2026When Agents Go Rogue: Activation-Based Detection of Malicious Behaviors in Multi-Agent Systems
624. ICML 2026When AI Agents Compete for Jobs: Strategic Capabilities and Economic Dynamics of AI Labour Markets
625. ICML 2026When Benign Inputs Lead to Severe Harms: Eliciting Unsafe Unintended Behaviors of Computer-Use Agents
626. ICML 2026When Embedding-Based Defenses Fail: Rethinking Safety in LLM-Based Multi-Agent Systems
627. ICML 2026When LLMs Develop Languages: Symbolic Communication for Efficient Multi-Agent Reasoning
628. ICML 2026When Planning Fails Despite Correct Execution: On Epistemic Calibration for LLM-Based Multi-Agent Systems
629. ICML 2026When Replanning Becomes the Bottleneck: Budgeted Replanning for Embodied Agents
630. ICML 2026Whom to Query for What: Adaptive Group Elicitation via Multi-Turn LLM Interactions
631. ICML 2026Why Agentic Theorem Prover Works: A Statistical Provability Theory of Mathematical Reasoning Models
632. ICML 2026Why Specialist Models Still Matter: A Heterogeneous Multi-Agent Paradigm for Medical Artificial Intelligence
633. ICML 2026WinDeskGround: A Benchmark for Robust GUI Grounding in Complex Multi-Window Desktop Environments
634. ICML 2026Words Towards Explainability: Caption Label-Free Learning via Dual Loop Agentic Time Series Captioning
635. ICML 2026World Models in Pieces: Structural Certification of General Agents
636. ICML 2026WorldTravel: A Realistic Multimodal Travel-Planning Benchmark with Tightly Coupled Constraints
637. ICML 2026X-MoGe: A Cross-Modal Adaptation Framework with Mixture-of-Experts and Geometry Guidance for Heterogeneous Collaborative Perception
638. ICML 2026XSkill: Continual Learning from Experience and Skills in Multimodal Agents
639. ICML 2026Zero-source LLM Hallucination Detection with Human-like Criteria Probing
640. ICML 2026Zooming without Zooming: Region-to-Image Distillation for Fine-Grained Multimodal Perception
641. ICML 2025A Theoretical Justification for Asymmetric Actor-Critic Algorithms
642. ICML 2025A Theoretical Study of (Hyper) Self-Attention through the Lens of Interactions: Representation, Training, Generalization
643. ICML 2025A Unified Approach to Routing and Cascading for LLMs
644. ICML 2025Ad Hoc Teamwork via Offline Goal-Based Decision Transformers
645. ICML 2025Ad-Hoc Human-AI Coordination Challenge
646. ICML 2025Adaptive Sample Sharing for Multi Agent Linear Bandits
647. ICML 2025Adaptive Self-improvement LLM Agentic System for ML Library Development
648. ICML 2025AdvAgent: Controllable Blackbox Red-teaming on Web Agents
649. ICML 2025Adversarial Robustness in Two-Stage Learning-to-Defer: Algorithms and Guarantees
650. ICML 2025Agent Reviewers: Domain-specific Multimodal Agents with Shared Memory for Paper Review

FAQ

How many AI Agents papers were published at NeurIPS, ICLR, ICML and CVPR from 2023 to 2026?

3,266 in total: 170 in 2023, 329 in 2024, 784 in 2025, 1,983 in 2026.

How many AI Agents papers are at NeurIPS 2026?

NeurIPS 2026 has 729 AI Agents papers, versus 362 the year before.

How many AI Agents papers are at ICLR 2026?

ICLR 2026 has 500 AI Agents papers, versus 204 the year before.

How many AI Agents papers are at ICML 2026?

ICML 2026 has 640 AI Agents papers, versus 178 the year before.

How many AI Agents papers are at CVPR 2026?

CVPR 2026 has 114 AI Agents papers, versus 40 the year before.

Which conference publishes the most AI Agents papers?

NeurIPS, with 1,317 papers from 2023 to 2026.